qnap安装 Entware，通过entware安装python3 pip

在家中NAS系统Qnap上安装python，发现版本是2.7.18。于是通过威联通的APP Center安装3.12.6.1，结果python -V发现版本还是2.7.18，本想将就用吧。结果：
pip3 install pandas openpyxl
-sh: pip: command not found
郁闷了，pip也没有。于是一路apt-get,yum,dnf,apk安装器都没有。。真无语。
查看系统uname -a
Linux NAS 5.10.60-qnap #1 SMP Wed Jan 8 04:05:31 CST 2025 x86_64 GNU/Linux
发现没有Qnap系统下的安装器。真的抓狂了。好在还有deepseek，于是问了下:

The error -sh: ipkg: command not found indicates that the ipkg package manager is not installed on your QNAP NAS. ipkg is a lightweight package manager often used in embedded systems, but it is not included by default on all QNAP devices.

Here’s how you can proceed:

1. Install Entware (Recommended)

Entware is a modern package manager for embedded devices like QNAP NAS. It provides a wide range of precompiled software packages, including gcc, python3, and pip.

Steps to Install Entware:

1. Enable SSH Access on Your QNAP NAS:

   • Log in to your QNAP web interface.
   • Go to Control Panel > Network & File Services > Telnet/SSH.
   • Enable SSH access and note the port number (default is 22).

2. Connect to Your NAS via SSH:

   • Use an SSH client (e.g., ssh on Linux/macOS or PuTTY on Windows) to connect to your NAS:

     ssh admin@<your-nas-ip>

   • Replace <your-nas-ip> with the IP address of your NAS.

3. Download and Run the Entware Installer:

   • Run the following commands to install Entware:

     wget -O - http://pkg.entware.net/binaries/x86-64/installer/entware_install.sh | /bin/sh

   • This script will download and install Entware on your NAS.

4. Add Entware to Your PATH:

   • Add the following line to your shell profile (e.g., ~/.bashrc or ~/.profile):

     export PATH=/opt/bin:/opt/sbin:$PATH

   • Reload the profile:

     source ~/.bashrc

5. Verify Entware Installation:

   • Check if opkg (the Entware package manager) is installed:

     opkg --version

2. Install Required Packages Using Entware

• Update the package list:

   opkg update

• Install gcc, python3, and pip:

   opkg install python3 python3-pip

• Verify the installation:

   python3 --version
   pip3 --version

3. Install pandas and openpyxl

• Use pip3 to install the required packages:

   pip3 install pandas openpyxl

4. Alternative: Manually Install Python

If you prefer not to use Entware, you can manually download and install Python 3.x from source. However, this requires a C compiler (gcc), which you may need to install manually.

Steps to Manually Install Python:

1. Download Python Source Code:

     wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.12/Python-3.10.12.tgz

2. Extract and Build Python:

     tar -xvzf Python-3.10.12.tgz
     cd Python-3.10.12
     ./configure --enable-optimizations
     make
     sudo make install

3. Verify Installation:

     python3 --version

5. Troubleshooting

• If you encounter disk space issues, ensure you have enough storage on your NAS.
• If you run into permission issues, use sudo or switch to the admin user.
• If pip installation fails, try upgrading it:

   python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

Let me know if you need further assistance! 😊